Berhyah introduce a brief for itself
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About Berhyah
Berhyah aims to introduce New and sophisticated garment of Iraqi dates
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Berhyah introducing
the Iraqi's Date Types
!
In ancient eras, date palm trees were first discovered in Babel which dates back to 4000 years BC and it is possible that date palms were familiar even before that era when a large impact was marked regarding to date palm trees in many different areas of Babel.
In ancient eras, date palm trees were first discovered in Babel which dates back to 4000 years BC and it is possible that date palms were familiar even before that era when a large impact was marked regarding to date palm trees in many different areas of Babel.
Iraqi Dates Type
In ancient eras, date palm trees were first discovered in Babel which dates back to 4000 years BC and it is possible that date palms were familiar even before that era when a large impact was marked regarding to date palm trees in many different areas of Babel.
Eridu was long considered the earliest city in southern Mesopotamia and was established during the early forth millennium BC. It is located 12Km southwest of Ur and was considered as a main area of date palm agriculture due to its location surrounded by Ahwar.
Date palm trees were sacred by Sumerian, Babylonians and Assyrians due to its living and economical value. It was also proven that date palms were discovered during ancient eras in western Iraq as discovered from cuneiform invented during early dynastic period (2400-300) BC; which marked the writing about date palms that were found in one of the documents written during “Shusan” king era from Ur III dynasty (1970-1978) BC and also showed the location of Mzdahra orchard between Umma and Lagash cities that belong to Umma temple.
The orchard was divided into eight sections depending on the palm age and amount of dates produced, which were estimated at that time by bushels instead of weight.
Iraqi dates were known for its unique and savory flavor for a very long time, that emerged from Rafidain waters and fertile soil of Mesopotamia.
There are many types of Iraqi dates; one of the best, most luxurious and famous type is called Barhi dates that grow on Berhyah palm trees, which is the main reason behind choosing the name of Berhyah for this product.
Barhi Dates
Barhi dates are distinguished and known in Iraq for their sweet taste during the growth stages of yellow Khalal (Basr) and Tamr, due to the lack of astringent tannins chemicals. So it is mostly consumed in Khalal, rutab, and tamr stages. Barhi dates witnessed a major turnout across Iraq and the world including gulf countries, Iran, Jordan, Egypt, America and North Africa.
- Barhi is known for its fast emerging and maturity process.
- In kimri stage Barhi is fully green.
- In khalal stage the skin is mostly yellow.
- The skin color changes to amber brown in rutab stage.
- In tamr stage the skin changes to reddish-brown.
- Barhi reaches between 3.2- 3.7 cm in length, and 2.3 diameter.
- Flesh thickness reaches between 5-6 cm.
- The fruit is soft and translucent.
- The pit is between light and dark brown color.
- In Khalal Stage, Barhi tastes sweet and sugary due to the high content of sucrose, It is also
- characterized with its semi-dry texture.
- Barhi is sweet and exceptional in taste during the tamr stage.
Barhi Date
Zahdi Dates
Zahdi dates are produced in enormous amounts in Iraq, which is consumed in two ways by Iraqi people; the first one is by enjoying the fruit itself, and the second one is by including the dates in many different date based products such as liquid sugar, date juice concentrate, alcohol, vinegar, yeast and many other products.
Characteristics of Zahdi dates:
- Zahdi is known for its semi-dry texture.
- Iraqi Zahdi is non-sticky compared to Zahdi date produced from other countries.
- Zahdi date can bear storage for long periods of time.
- Zahdi date palm can produce large quantities of date that reaches between 90-130kg.
- In khalal stage, Zahdi is yellow.
- Zahdi changes to amber color in Rutab.
- Tamr is light yellow-brown.
- Zahdi date juice is light golden-yellow.
- Zahdi sizes change according to the care provided.
- The date length reaches between 3.4-4 cm, while the diameter is approximately 4-2.5 cm.
- Zahdi dates are oval.
- The date skin is fully attached to the flesh.
- Perianth of the date is prominent on the surface.
- Zahdi flesh contains astringent tannins materials in khalal stage.
- In tamr stage, the pulp tastes sugary and savory.
- The fruit weighs between 7.8-8.5 g.
- Only one kilo package of Zahdi contains 125 date pieces.
- Zahdi date palm can bear high levels of salinity. On the other hand, it may lose its good quality.
- Zahdi date palm can also bear dehydration, as well as frosting (for a short time).
- The palm trunk is moderate and average in size.
- Fronds are distinguished with their green color and collocation.
- The Fruit bunch color of Zahdi date palm is orange – yellow.
- Duration of Zahdi date palm maturity is considered long to average which might change depending on the area. While Zahdi date palms grow faster in Iraqi environment.
- Zahdi date palm can carry immense numbers of offshoots.
Zahdi Date
Khastawi Dates
Khastawi dates are considered an important part of the Iraqi culture. People are used to consume khastawi in many ways especially during winter season, due to its fine dark brown color, dainty and excellent quality.
Khastawi dates are very tender and can be stored for long times in packages of different shapes and sizes.
Iraqi people include khastawi in their productions using methods like compressing, in order to produce compressed dates, it is also used in baking pastries and desserts. while some prefer to add different types of nuts and spices in order to provide remarkable taste and quality.
Characteristics of Khastawi dates:
- Khastawi dates are known for their high good quality.
- Khastawi is very flavorful, delightful and sweet.
- The fruit has a radiant appearance.
- In kimri stage, Khastawi is green.
- In khalal stage (Basr); khastawi skin is orange-yellow colored. While it has tannins materials that affect the taste of the fruit, this characteristic fades when it reaches rutab stage.
- The date shape is oval.
- Khastawi reaches the color dark brown in tamr stage.
- Skin thickness is considered average.
- During harvesting and storing process, heat temperatures vary resulting in the skin’s detachment from the pulp.
- Khastawi dates are considered as one of the most tender type of dates.
- They are easy to store and pack.
- It can be consumed during rutab and tamr stage.
- One kilogram package contains approximately 90 to 110 date pieces.
Khastawi Date
Halawi Dates
One of the most important commercial dates in Iraq is Halawi date. It was widely common across European countries and America especially during 60s and 70s. Unfortunately, Iraq was prevented from exporting different Iraqi products for other countries during blockade period, which have made other countries take its place in exporting Halawi dates, in addition to producing new and improved types of date such as medjool, barhi and deglet noor. Halawi dates production in Iraq have been deteriorated rapidly during the past twenty years. In 1983 Iraq produced 175.100 ton of Halawi, while in 2006 only 22.300 ton of halawi were produced.
Characteristics of Halawi dates:
- Halawi date palm is known for its fast emerging and maturity process.
- Halawi dates can be consumed in rutab and tamr stage, due to the lack of astringent tannins, unlike khalal stage when the date contains high content of astringents.
- Halawi date palm is able to produce around 90 – 120 kg of dates.
- Fronds of Halawi date palm are distinguished with their bright green color and incredible length that reaches between 3.5-4 meters.
- Halawi Leaflets are known for its extreme width and mildness.
- Halawi palm trunk is Immense by average.
- The fruit bunch is orange-yellow.
- Mature Halawi palm produces enormous amount of dates.
- The palm height is approximately 30 feet.
- One pick weighs around 15-20 kilograms.
- The fruit is medium in size and cylindrical in shape with rounded crown.
- Halawi weighs between 7.2-8 grams.
- The fruit is around 3.5 – 5 cm in length, and 8.1 – 2 cm in diameter.
- In the first stages of growth, Halawi skin color is pale yellow and gradually changes to light amber in rutab stage. While in tamr stage the skin color is dark gold.
- The flesh is low in fiber, tender and lightly thick. In some cases the texture is semi-dry, with translucent amber color.
- In tamr stage the fruit is sweet and flavorful.
- Halawi dates are distinguished with its high good quality.
- The Date palm of Halawi can bear salinity, dehydration and frosting for a short time.
Halawi Date
Ashrasi Dates
Ashrasi are considered high quality Iraqi dates, characterized with its sweet and nutty flavor. Cultivation of this type is widely spread in central areas of Iraq compared to nominal popularity in southern areas.
Ashrasi date is oval shaped with reddish-brown color and medium size, and qualities similar to Saudi dates such as Thoory, Sagai and Sbaka.
Maturity duration of Ashrasi is considered average.
Characteristics of Ashrasi dates:
- Ashrasi date palm is featured with immense trunk.
- Fronds are light green and covered in spines.
- Leaflets are pendulous.
- Fruit bunch color is orange-yellow.
- In kimri stage Ashrasi is green colored.
- In Khalal stage (Basr), the date is yellow.
- In tamr stage half part of the fruit color is earthy, while the tender part is reddish-brown.
- The shape of the fruit is oval.
- Ashrasi weighs between 8-11 grams.
- Skin is fully attached to the pulp of the date.
- The fruit is solid.
- Ashrasi date palm can produce around 60 – 80 kilograms of date.
- In khalal stage the fruit contains astringents tannins which affects the taste.
- Ashrasi is low in fiber.
- Ashrasi palm can bear dehydration, salinity and frost.
- Maturity of Ashrasi date palm is average.
Ashrasi Date
Sayr Dates
Sayr dates are classified as semi-dry Iraqi dates, and considered very important in Iraqi trade due to its delicious and comforting taste. Their distinctive sweetness, hard and sticky texture enhances their pleasant flavor, adding joy to the taster’s heart.
Recent statistics prove that this type of dates are being neglected in Iraq. Productions of Sayr dates in 1983 reached 153.500 ton, while in 2006 it reached only 31.780 ton, which is considered a major and dreadful drop considering that Sayr has many important commercial features.
Characteristics of Sayr dates:
- Sayr dates are distinguished its fast emerging and maturity process.
- Sayr is very popular in Basrah province.
- It Is consumed in Rutab or tamr stage due to its good quality during these stages of growth.
- In khalal stage sayr skin is yellow with slightly red color near the perianth of the fruit, which is noticeably prominent on the surface.
- Sayr dates are sweet during khalal stage with a slight bitterness due to astringent materials.
- In tamr stage Sayr is shaped like an oval with a dark brown / reddish-brown color and a touch of fair maroon color.
- In rutab stage the sayr skin color changes to is and tastes unique due to the lack of astringents in the tender part of the fruit.
- Fresh picked Sayr is light brown but gradually changes to dark brown when stored in packages for long periods of time, due to astringents oxidation.
- Sayr weighs between 9.2 and 10 grams and one pound equals 70-75 date pieces.
- Seed percentage reaches between 8-8.5%.
- The flesh is slightly thick and soft.
- Sayr dates are unique and distinctive in flavor.
- It is low in fiber.
- The fruit skin is rich in pulp.
- Sayr dates last for 18 months if stored in suitable heat temperatures (25 degrees).
Sayr Date
Jabjab Dates
Jabjab dates are widely popular in Iraqi central and southern areas and it occupies an important part in India and Pakistan markets due to its holy features and it is eaten in special religious occasions and weddings.
Iraq was known for exporting this type of date but in recent years there were other countries responsible for exporting Jabjab such as Iran and Arabian Gulf countries.
Characteristics of Jabjab dates:
- In khalal stage Jabjab loses all atringent materials.
- Itr can be stored for long periods of time.
- Jabjab can be used in cooking during khalal stage (Basr).
- In khalal stage of growth (Basr) cooked Jabjab can be easily grinded after airing.
- It is widely used in many different food industries.
- Tannins turn from liquid to solid condition, as a result the astringent taste of the date gradually fades.
- In kimri Jabjab skin color is green.
- In khalal the skin is turned into yellow color.
- In tamr stage the fruit skin color is turned into reddish-brown.
- The skin of the date is thick, wrinkly and attached to the flesh.
- During the beginning of khalal stage the fruit contains large amount of astringents.
- Jabjab dates are high in fiber.
- One kilogram of Jabjab contains 120 large pieces of date.
- One kilogram Of Jabjab might also contain 150 medium sized dates.
- Jabjab weighs between 7.5-9 grams.
- The pit percentage is approximately .7 %.
- Jabjab dates are usually consumed in khalal stage in order to produce cooked khalal.
Jabjab Date
Dayri Dates
Dayri dates are distinguished with their bright red color in Basr stage and dark brown color in Tamr stage. It is also known for its short maturity duration and highly preferred by many people in rutab stage due to its highly consumption during this stage and its sweet, comforting taste as well as their tender and crumbly texture. On the other hand it can be easily damaged if not stored in cool and dry areas.
Dayri dates are less popular in Baghdad province.
Characteristics of Dayri dates:
- Dayri date fruit is reversed oval shaped.
- Perianth of Dayri date is reddish-yellow.
- The fruit is highly consumed during rutab and tamr stage.
- Dayri date must be stored in cool warehouses.
- The seed of the fruit is brown colored.
- Dayri dates do not contain astringent tannins.
- Dayri dates are low in fiber.
- The fruit skin is dark brown – black colored.
- Dayri weight is considered average.
- The fruit size is mostly large.
- Dayri is between 4.5-5 cm in length.
- It weighs around 12-15 grams.
- Dayri contains 94.1% of flesh.
- The pit weighs 1.26 grams.
- Dayri is sweet with a delightful and special flavor.
Dayri Date
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